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Universitarios, sobre afectados por el estrés durante la cuarentena.

by RevistaGM5 -

Estudio UVM: El 70.5 % se siente estresado por sobrecarga académica. Atrasarse en el semestre, perder el ciclo escolar y que se presenten fallas técnicas para tomar clase o enviar tareas, otros estresores que afectan. El estrés reportado podría poner en riesgo la salud de estudiantes, quienes podrían presentar insomnio, presión arterial elevada y disminución del sistema inmunitario.

 

 

Redacción / Revista GM5

editor@gm5.com.mx

Los estudiantes universitarios se están viendo afectados por altos niveles de estrés durante esta cuarentena; el principal motivo dentro del ámbito escolar es la sobrecarga de trabajo académico (70.5%) y la razón más fuerte entre las de tipo general, es la saturación se los servicios de salud y que las personas no respeten la cuarentena (71.9%), de acuerdo con el estudio “Estresores COVID-19 en universitarios”.

Esta investigación, fue realizada por La Dra. Rocío Elizabeth Duarte Ayala, Profesora Investigadora de la Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad del Valle de México, Campus Lomas Verdes y Miembro del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (Conacyt) en conjunto con la Mtra. Leticia Rodríguez Segura, Directora Nacional de Innovación e Investigación Educativa de UVM.

La Dra. Duarte indicó que este estudio revela un nivel de estrés mayor en estudiantes universitarios que en otras poblaciones y advirtió que el resultado es preocupante ya que, de no disminuir estos niveles de estrés, corren el riesgo de sufrir consecuencias en la salud, tales como insomnio, presión arterial elevada y disminución del sistema inmunitario.

Este estudio es parte de un grupo de investigaciones iniciadas durante la contingencia por Covid-19, promovidas por la Vicerrectoría de Investigación de UVM. El propósito ha sido obtener mayor información para diseñar y ejecutar estrategias que acompañen la enseñanza virtual.

El estudio reveló que 19.3% de los universitarios tiene estrés severo, entre los signos descritos están sentirse tensos, incómodos, tristes, preocupados, asustados y alertas. La Dra. Duarte señala que es posible que la percepción de sobrecarga de trabajos académicos se encuentre aumentada en los universitarios debido a varios motivos, uno de ellos, utilizar un espacio no acondicionado para el estudio o compartir dicho espacio con varios familiares, así como que se realicen varias actividades diferentes en un mismo lugar, lo que le impida al universitario concentrarse y ser eficiente es sus tareas.

La investigadora explicó que los estresores identificados se clasificaron en escolares y no escolares. Dentro de los estresores escolares, se observó como principal la percepción de sobrecarga académica (70.5%) -como se menciona líneas arriba-, en menor medida el estresor de atrasarse en el semestre o perder el ciclo escolar y en tercer lugar reportaron como estresor el que se presente alguna falla técnica que les impida tomar la clase o enviar en tiempo y forma sus actividades.

Mientras que, dentro de los no escolares, el estresor que se encontró en primer lugar (71.9%) fue la saturación se los servicios de salud y que las personas no respeten la cuarentena. Otros estresores encontrados fueron los factores económicos, el aislamiento y distanciamiento de amigos, pareja y familiares.

Ante esta situación, la Dra. Duarte expuso que es necesario trabajar para mejorar las condiciones de salud psicológica en la cuarentena y disminuir los estresores o factores estresantes en la población universitaria.

Algunas recomendaciones que pueden ayudar a disminuir la percepción de sobrecarga académica o lograr aumentar la eficiencia en el desarrollo de actividades escolares en casa son: establecer una rutina con horarios fijos de estudio y áreas específicas para realizar actividades escolares, realizar actividad física de forma regular dentro de la vivienda y hacer actividades de esparcimiento considerando lectura, series y películas, conciertos, exposiciones de museos o recorridos virtuales.

Dentro de las sugerencias para los padres de familia con hijos en edad escolar, están acordar los momentos apropiados para clases y actividades escolares que deben realizar, con la conciencia de que no se encuentran de vacaciones y apoyar así el esfuerzo y tiempo necesarios para su aprendizaje. También establecer horarios y actividades domesticas en horarios precisos y no pedirle al estudiante hacer actividades cada cierto tiempo del día sin una planeación, ya que esto repercute directamente en el aprendizaje y desempeño escolar.

Para los estresores no escolares, la Dra. Rocío Duarte reitera la importancia de establecer o fortalecer redes sociales a distancia, ya que disminuyen de forma significativa los niveles de estrés. Es importante que la población agobiada por la situación de distanciamiento trate de no enfocarse en la parte negativa, sino que visualice que se trata de algo temporal, que a la larga trae un beneficio para la salud y sepa que, en caso de ser necesario, puede solicitar ayuda profesional a través de diversos recursos para el manejo de crisis psicológicas por internet y línea telefónica, además de poner en práctica técnicas de relajación como la meditación, respiración diafragmática o mindfulness.

El estudio incluyó una muestra de mil 118 Universitarios que recibían clases en una modalidad E-learning por motivos de la cuarentena, perteneciente a 9 diferentes estados del país, tenían una edad entre 17 y 48 años.

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