
«La democracia es la institucionalización del diálogo. No puede ser ni amontonamiento de monólogos ni estrépito incomprensible»:
Carlos Castillo Peraza
Redacción / Revista GM5
editor@gm5.com.mx
Creer que las críticas obedecen a un interés avieso e inconfesable, etiquetar y descalificar a quien disiente de una propuesta gubernamental, lanzar amenazas no tan sutiles, solo lleva a una confrontación estéril que daña a México y, sobre todo, a las nuevas generaciones en quienes cada vez se arraiga más el repudio a la política.
Presumir la buena fe de las personas con las que nos relacionamos es un principio elemental de la sana convivencia y, por lo tanto, de la política. Constituye, además, un requisito para una vida que merezca ser vivida. Si, en cambio, uno ve en el prójimo al enemigo que busca dañarme, se siembra la discordia y se vive alimentándose de sospechas y de desconfianza. Es síntoma de la peor enfermedad del alma: el resentimiento.
Nietzsche describe en su genealogía de la moral: “Toda una tierra temblorosa de venganza subterránea, inagotable, insaciable, de exabrupto”. El gran escritor ruso Iván Turguéniev le llama nihilista, “Una persona que no se inclina ante la autoridad de ningún tipo, que no acepta ni un solo principio de fe”.
Siempre he admirado la oratoria anglosajona. Es directa, expone ideas con nitidez y propicia la concordia. Joe Biden es claro: “Si me confían la presidencia, sacaré lo mejor de nosotros mismos, no lo peor”. Esa es una buena definición de líder. Eso es lo que más se requiere en estos tiempos de crisis.
Diez partidos políticos contenderán en la próxima elección. Lo más probable es que se confunda más a la ya de por sí atribulada ciudadanía. Requerimos algo como lo que Jaime Sabines encontraba en su padre: “Mi brazo fuerte, mi protector del miedo / palabra clara, corazón resuelto”.
No estoy sugiriendo un mesías ni hombres fuertes o indispensables, sino darle a la política claridad y calidad y, para lograrlo, cumplir esa noble condición: presumir la buena fe. Creer que las críticas obedecen a un interés avieso e inconfesable, etiquetar y descalificar a quien disiente de una propuesta gubernamental, lanzar amenazas no tan sutiles, solo lleva a una confrontación estéril que daña a México y, sobre todo, a las nuevas generaciones en quienes cada vez se arraiga más el repudio a la política.
Deliberemos civilizadamente. Es el mínimo deber de un buen representante —cuya legitimidad es el voto—, del analista político y de los medios —que intentan esclarecer los temas de la agenda pública— y de una ciudadanía ávida de superar el malestar y la incertidumbre.
Hay que saber decir las verdades con contundencia y asumir las consecuencias. Los partidos deben ser institutos permanentes de capacitación, de estudio y de discusión interna.
Existen los referentes, abundan los ejemplos, hay un legado que defender y una antorcha que transferir. Recuerdo hace algunos años la calidad del debate entre dirigentes partidistas, Santiago Oñate, Porfirio Muñoz Ledo y Carlos Castillo Peraza. Desde luego que hubo un PRIAN, fueron los mejores tiempos de nuestra complicada transición hacia la democracia.
Dejemos de satanizar los acuerdos. Un sistema político sin mínimos consensos no puede funcionar. A eso se refieren los estudiosos cuando hablan de la oposición leal, la que hace posible la preeminencia del interés nacional, la que acepta las reglas de la competencia, la que va al recinto parlamentario para defender sus ideas, no para obstruir el desempeño del partido en el poder, sino para ser factor de equilibrio evitando abusos y desviaciones. Desde luego, lo menos que se puede esperar del gobierno es respeto y la ya citada presunción de buena fe. Desafortunadamente, cada vez son más claras las señales del gobierno que busca aplastar, avasallar, la cultura del descarte como bien la definió el papa Francisco.
Los mexicanos requerimos una urgente reconciliación. Empecemos por saber discutir. Los adjetivos brincan furibundos en el discurso político. Se pueden decir las más temibles verdades sin tanto aspaviento. Desde el origen de la humanidad, en la forma más primitiva se inició la deliberación. Es la única forma de darle racionalidad a la política. El logos, el pathos, el ethos, son sus ingredientes. Combinémoslos con la buena fe.
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